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Which statement is used to create a new table?

  • ALTER
  • INSERT
  • CREATE TABLE
  • UPDATE
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What is the role of a data dictionary?

  • Stores table rows
  • Stores database schema metadata
  • Encrypts columns
  • Defines user roles
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What is a clustered index?

  • Index on views
  • Index that defines data storage order
  • Unused index
  • Foreign key
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What is database indexing used for?

  • Store large files
  • Optimize query performance
  • Hide data
  • Backup tables
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Which of the following is a type of database testing?

  • Functional testing
  • Data integrity testing
  • UI testing
  • Smoke testing
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What is meant by data redundancy?

  • Repeated data in UI
  • Repeated data entries in DB
  • Data cleanup
  • Normalized data
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What happens when a DELETE statement has no WHERE clause?

  • Only one row is deleted
  • No rows deleted
  • All rows are deleted
  • Syntax error
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What is a composite key?

  • One key from different columns
  • A unique key made from two or more columns
  • Duplicate key
  • Random string
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What does the DISTINCT keyword do?

  • Returns only unique values
  • Counts rows
  • Sorts data
  • Encrypts data
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When is data consistency checked?

  • Only during deployment
  • After schema creation
  • During and after transactions
  • Never
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What is a flat file database?

  • File with compressed schema
  • UI test file
  • Plain text file storing data
  • SQL format data
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Which constraint ensures that a column cannot have NULL values?

  • FOREIGN KEY
  • NOT NULL
  • CHECK
  • UNIQUE
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What is a common challenge in database testing?

  • UI alignment
  • Inconsistent test data
  • Color mismatch
  • Element IDs
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What does ACID stand for in database?

  • Access, Control, Isolation, Data
  • Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
  • Audit, Check, Integrity, Durability
  • None of these
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What is a stored procedure?

  • Static report
  • Predefined SQL logic stored in DB
  • Data type
  • View
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What is the main goal of database testing?

  • UI validation
  • Network testing
  • Data integrity and consistency
  • Load testing
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What is the difference between CHAR and VARCHAR?

  • CHAR is variable-length
  • VARCHAR uses more memory
  • CHAR is fixed-length, VARCHAR is variable-length
  • No difference
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What is the use of CHECK constraint?

  • Auto-increment field
  • Enforces a condition on a column
  • Creates index
  • Sets primary key
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What is the result of dividing by zero in SQL?

  • Error
  • Zero
  • NULL
  • Infinity
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What is a surrogate key used for?

  • Replacing composite keys with a unique auto-generated key
  • Backup creation
  • Data migration
  • Foreign reference
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Which command deletes a table?

  • REMOVE
  • TRUNCATE
  • DROP
  • ALTER
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Which clause is used to limit the number of rows returned?

  • COUNT
  • HAVING
  • LIMIT
  • SUM
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What is the purpose of rollback testing?

  • Validate delete statements
  • Ensure transactions revert correctly
  • Check logs
  • Test speed
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What is the purpose of ETL testing in DB?

  • Code testing
  • GUI validation
  • Extract, Transform, Load data testing
  • Cloud migration
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Which clause in SQL helps to filter records?

  • GROUP BY
  • HAVING
  • WHERE
  • ORDER BY
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What is latency in database performance?

  • Query length
  • Delay in data access
  • Total rows
  • Index position
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What is the purpose of a UNIQUE constraint?

  • Allows duplicate entries
  • Ensures only nulls
  • Enforces non-duplicate values
  • Blocks updates
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What does DDL stand for?

  • Data Description Layer
  • Data Definition Language
  • Data Design Logic
  • Direct Data Link
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Which statement is used to add new rows?

  • DELETE
  • UPDATE
  • INSERT INTO
  • ALTER
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Which test verifies if a database restores correctly after failure?

  • Backup testing
  • Restore testing
  • Rollback test
  • Migration test
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